Evaluation of tissue changes induced by hyaluronic acid in the interdental papilla of rats

Abstract

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate whether the application of hyaluronic acid (HA) in the interdental papilla (IP) of rats promotes an exacerbation of leukocyte infiltration and hemorrhage (PURPOSE-GAP). Material and Methods: A total of 51 rats were used in a split-mouth experimental model, randomly distributed through group randomization, and all animals received the first application of HA (Experimental Group – EG) and saline solution (SS) (Control Group – CG) at the same time. The groups were divided so that some received only one application, while others received a second application after 7 days, with euthanasia performed at experimental time points of 12 hours, 72 hours, and 7 days. In the comparison between EG1 and EG6, the intensity of leukocyte infiltration decreased significantly (p<0.005). Results: EG1 showed a higher intensity of inflammatory infiltration than CG1 (12h) (p<0.005). In the EG, there was a significant presence of mild and moderate hemorrhage compared to the CG (p<0.005). It was concluded that the application of HA in the IP of rats increased the intensity of leukocyte infiltration, which progressively regressed until the 14th day. The hemorrhage caused by HA application was mild to moderate in the EG; moreover, there was a significant presence of hemorrhage in groups that received only one application of HA. Conclusion: The results suggest that hyaluronic acid has promising potential in the regeneration of the interdental papilla, providing support for future research and possible applications in the field of periodontal aesthetics and regenerative dentistry.

KEYWORDS

Hemorrhage; Histology; Hyaluronic acid; Interdental papilla; Leukocytic infiltrate.