Quality of life in a smoking cessation program: lifestyle, anxiety, and depression

Authors

  • Daniela Junqueira de Faria
  • Adriana Ávila de Almeida
  • Igor Boaventura da Silva
  • Ivan Balducci
  • Celina Faig Lima Carta
  • Denise Nicodemo
  • Janete Dias Almeida Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4596-9715

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14295/bds.2020.v23i4.2086

Abstract

Objective: Tobacco dependence is quite variable among individuals because it includes many aspects such as psychological, emotional, behavioral, and cultural perspectives. This study aimed to evaluate the social and emotional issues of patients in a smoking cessation program through the generic and specific quality of life questionnaires. Material and Methods: Two generic questionnaires (SF36 and Fantastic Lifestyle) and two specific (SRQ-20 for depression and IDATE s/t for levels of state and anxiety trait) were applied at the first meeting and after three months of treatment. Data were statistically analyzed by the Pearson correlation coefficient (significance level of 5%). Results: In total, 15 participants (10 men, 5 women), with mean age of 60 and 56, respectively. The mean of the smoking intake was 65.88±34.37 for men and 35.66±11.17 for women. SRQ20 and IDATE s/t indicated that poor improvement in depression and anxiety was related to relapse; SF36 questionnaire indicated improvement in the domains of physical aspect limit, pain, social and emotional aspects; Fantastic Lifestyle indicated improvement according to its scale, being in a first moment "Regular" (53 points), and later, "Good" (55.67 points). Conclusion: In conclusion, smoking cessation treatment is correlated to the decrease in anxiety and depression levels and improvement of the general quality of life.

Keywords

Quality of life; Smoking cessation; Life style; Anxiety; Depression.

References

References

World Health Organization. World health statistics 2017: monitoring health for the SDGs, Sustainable Development Goals [Internet]. Genebra: World Health Organization; 2017. [acesso em 2017 Jun 12]; [aproximadamente 104 p]. Disponível em: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/255336/1/9789241565486-eng.pdf?ua=1

Benowitz NL. Nicotine addiction. N Engl J Med. 2010 Jun 17;362(24):2295-303. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra0809890.

Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Instituto Nacional do Câncer José de Alencar Gomes da Silva - INCA. Programa Nacional de Controle do Tabagismo [Internet]; [acesso em 2018 Jan 16]. Disponível em: http://www2.inca.gov.br/wps/wcm/connect/acoes_programas/site/home/nobrasil/programa-nacional-controle-tabagismo/tabagismo#referencias

Lando HA, Hipple BJ, Muramoto M, Klein JD, Prokhorov AV, Ossip DJ, et al. Tobacco is a global paediatric concern. Bull World Health Organ. 2010;88(1):2. doi: 10.2471/BLT.09.069583.

Mikami I, Akechi T, Kugaya A, Okuyama T, Nakano T, Okamura H, et al. Screening for nicotine dependence among smoking-related cancer subjects. Jpn J Cancer Res. 1999;90(10):1071-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.1999.tb00679.x

Knott V, Heenan A, Shah D, Bolton K, Fisher D, Villeneuve C. Electrophysiological evidence of nicotine’s distracter-filtering properties in non-smokers. J Psychopharmacol. 2011 Feb;25(2):239-48. doi: 10.1177/0269881109348158

Hughes JR, Hatsukami D. Signs and symptoms of tobacco withdrawal. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1986;43(3):289–94. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1986.01800030107013

Fiore MC. Treating tobacco use and dependence: 2008 update U.S. Public Health Service Clinical Practice Guideline executive summary. Respir care. 2008;53(9):1217-22.

Rosemberg J. Nicotina. Droga Universal. São Paulo: SES/CVE; 2003.

Reichert J, Araujo AJ, Goncalves CM, Godoy I, Chatkin JM, Sales MP, et al. Diretrizes para cessação do Tabagismo - 2008. J Bras Pneumol. 2008;34(10):845-80.

Johnson GK, Hill M. Cigarette smoking and the periodontal patient. J Periodontol. 2004;75(2):196–209. doi:10.1902/jop.2004.75.2.196

Börnigen D, Ren B, Pickard R, Li J, Ozer E, Hartmann EM, et al. Alterations in oral bacterial communities are associated with risk factors for oral and oropharyngeal cancer. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):17686. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-17795-z.

Blot WJ, McLaughlin JK, Winn DM, Austin DF, Greenberg RS, Preston-Martin S, et al. Smoking and drinking in relation to oral and pharyngeal cancer. Cancer Res. 1988;48(11):3282–7.

Gillison ML, Zhang Q, Jordan R, Xiao W, Westra WH, Trotti A, et al. Tobacco smoking and increased risk of death and progression for subjects with p16-positive and p16-negative oropharyngeal cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(17):2102–11. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2011.38.4099.

Agarwal R, Goldenberg M, Perry R, Ishak WW. The quality of life of adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review. Innov Clin Neurosci. 2012;9(5-6):10–21.

Meneses-Gaya IC, Zuardi AW, Loureiro SR, Crippa JA. As propriedades psicométricas do Teste de Fagerström para Dependência de Nicotina. J Bras Pneumol. 2009;35(1):73-82. doi: org/10.1590/S1806-37132009000100011

Fagerström K. Determinants of tobacco use and renaming the FTND to the Fagerström Test for Cigarette Dependence. Nicotine Tob Res. 2012;14(1):75-8. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntr137.

DiClemente CC, Prochaska JO, Fairhurst SK, Velicer WF, Velasquez MM, Rossi JS. The process of smoking cessation: an analysis of precontemplation, contemplation, and preparation stages of change. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1991;59(2):295-304. doi: org/10.1037/0022-006X.59.2.295

Ciconelli RM, Ferraz MB, Santos W. Tradução para língua portuguesa e validação do questionário genérico de qualidade de vida SF-36 (Brasil SF-36). Rev Bras Reumatol. 1998;39(3):143-50. doi: org/10.1590/S1413-81232011000800010

Añez CRR, Reis RS, Petrosk EL. Versão Brasileira do Questionário “Estilo de Vida Fantástico”: Tradução e Validação para Adultos Jovens. Arq Brás Cardiol. 2008; 91(2):102-9. doi: org/10.1590/S1677-54492012000100007

Mari JJ, Williams P. A validity study of a psychiatric screening questionary (SRQ-20) in primary care in the city of São Paulo. Br J Psychiatry. 1986;148:23-6. doi: org/10.1192/bjp.148.1.23

Spielberger CD, Gorsuch RL, Lushene RD. STAI: manual for the State - Trait Anxiety Invetory. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press; 1970.

Gorenstein C, Andrade L. Validation of a portuguese version of the beck depression inventory and the state-trait anxiety inventory in Brazilian subjects. Braz J Med Biol Res. 1996;29(4):453-7.

Andrade L, Gorenstein C, Vieira Filho AH, Tung TC, Artes R. Psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory applied to college students: factor analysis and relation to the Beck Depression Inventory. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2001;34(3):367-74. doi: org/10.1590/S0100-879X2001000300011

Goldenberg M, Danovitch I, IsHak WW. Quality of life and smoking. Am J Addict. 2014;23(6):540–62. doi: 10.1111/j.1521-0391.2014.12148.x. doi: 10.1111/j.1521-0391.2014.12148.x

Bethea J, Murtagh B, Wallace SE. I don't mind damaging my own body. A qualitative study of the factors that motivate smokers to quit. BMC Public Health. 2015; 15(1):4. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-15-4.

Jhanjee S, Sethi H. The Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence in an Indian sample of daily smokers with poly drug use. Nicotine Tob Res. 2010;12(11):1162-6. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntq148

Heatherton TF, Kozlowski LT, Frecker RC, Fagerstrom KO. The Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence: a revision of the Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire. Br J Addict. 1991;86(9):1119-27.

Halty LS, Huttner MD, Oliveira Netto IC, Santos VA, Martins G. Análise da utilização do Questionário de Tolerância de Fagerström (QTF) como instrumento de medida da dependência nicotínica. J Pneumologia. 2002;28(4):180-6.

Dijkstra A, Tromp D. Is the FTND a measure of physical as well as psychological tobacco dependence? J Subst Abuse Treat. 2002; 23(4):367-74. doi: org/10.1016/S0740-5472(02)00300-8

Pietrobon RC, Barbisan JN, Manfroi WC. Utilização do Teste de Dependência à Nicotina de Fagerström como um instrumento de medida do Grau de Dependência. Rev HCPA. 2007;27(3):31-6.

Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Vigitel Brasil 2016: vigilância de fatores de risco e proteção para doenças crônicas por inquérito telefônico [Internet]. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde; 2017. [acesso em 2017 Jun 22]. Disponível em: http://portalarquivos.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2017/junho/07/vigitel_2016_jun17.pdf

Silva LCC, Araújo AJ, Queiroz AMD, Sales MPU, Castellano MVCO. Controle do tabagismo: desafios e conquistas. J Bras Pneumol. 2016;42(4):290-8.

Baiardini I, Sorino C, Di Marco F, Facchini F. Smoking cessation, anxiety, mood and quality of life: reassuring evidences. Minerva Med. 2014: 105(5 Suppl 1):15-21.

Halladay JR, Vu M, Ripley-Moffitt C, Gupta SK, O'Meara C, Goldstein AO. Patient perspectives on tobacco use treatment in primary care. Prev Chronic Dis. 2015;12:E14. doi: 10.5888/pcd12.140408.

Knott V, Heenan A, Shah D, Bolton K, Fisher D, Villeneuve C. Electrophysiological evidence of nicotine’s distracter-filtering properties in non-smokers. J Psychopharmacol. 2011; 25(2):239-48. doi: 10.1177/0269881109348158.

Dani JA, Heinemann S. Molecular and cellular aspects of nicotine abuse. Neuron. 1996;16(5):905-8. doi: org/10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80112-9

Koob GF, Le Moal M. Drug abuse: hedonic homeostatic dysregulation. Science 1997;278(5335):52–8.

Zwar NA, Mendelsohn CP, Richmond RL. Supporting smoking cessation. BMJ. 2014;348:f7535. doi: 10.1136/bmj.f7535.

Mitra M, Chung MC, Wilber N, Klein Walker D. Smoking status and quality of life: a longitudinal study among adults with disabilities. Am J Prev Med. 2004;27(3):258-60. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2004.06.002

Xue C, Bian L, Xie YS, Yin ZF, Xu ZJ, Chen QZ, et al. Impact of smoking on health-related quality of Life after percutaneous coronary intervention treated with drug-eluting stents: a longitudinal observational study. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2017;3;15(1):1. doi: 10.1186/s12955-016-0578-4.

Watson NL, Heffner JL, McClure JB, Mull KE, Bricker JB. Differential prevalence of established risk factors for poor cessation outcomes among smokers by level of social anxiety. Am J Addict. 2017;26(2):176-82. doi: 10.1111/ajad.12509

Covey LS, Bomback A, Yan GW. History of depression and smoking cessation: A rejoinder. Nicotine Tob Res. 2006;8(2):315-9.

Killen JD, Fortmann SP, Schatzberg A, Hayward C, Varady A. Onset of major depression during treatment for nicotine dependence. Addict Behav. 2003; 28(3):461-70. doi: org/10.1016/S0306-4603(01)00266-0

Mykletun A, Overland S, Aaro LE, Liabo HM, Stewart R. Smoking in relation to anxiety and depression: Evidence from a large population survey: The HUNT study. Eur Psychiatry. 2008;23(2):77–84. doi: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2007.10.005

McCabe RE, Chudzik SM, Antony MM, Young L, Swinson RP, Zolvensky MJ. Smoking behaviors across anxiety disorders. J Anxiety Disord. 2004;18(1):7-18. doi: org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2003.07.003

Grabovac I, Brath H, Schalk H, Degen O, Dorner TE. Clinical setting-based smoking cessation programme and the quality of life in people living with HIV in Austria and Germany. Qual Life Res. 2017;26(9):2387-95. doi: 10.1007/s11136-017-1580-y. doi: 10.1007/s11136-017-1580-y.

Hays JT, Croghan IT, Baker CL, Cappelleri JC, Bushmakin AG. Changes in health-related quality of life with smoking cessation treatment. Eur J Public Health. 2012;22(2):224–9. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckq137.

Piper ME, Kenford S, Fiore MC, Baker TB. Smoking cessation and quality of life: changes in life satisfaction over 3 years following a quit attempt. Ann Behav Med. 2012;43(2):262–70. doi: 10.1007/s12160-011-9329-2.

Downloads

Published

2020-09-30 — Updated on 2020-10-01

Versions

Issue

Section

Clinical or Laboratorial Research Manuscript